Stock Solution Calculator

Molecular weight is the mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in g/mol. You can find it on chemical supplier websites, in chemical databases like PubChem, or calculate it by adding up the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecular formula.

Molar concentration (molarity) is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, expressed in M or mol/L. Unlike weight-based concentrations, molarity accounts for the molecular size of the compound, making it useful for stoichiometric calculations.

Use the formula: Mass (g) = Molarity (M) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol). This gives you the exact amount of compound to weigh out for your desired concentration and volume.

The total volume of your solution should equal your desired final volume. Add solvent gradually while stirring until you reach the final volume mark on your volumetric flask. Never add the compound to the full volume of solvent directly.

Use the dilution formula M₁V₁ = M₂V₂, where M₁ and V₁ are the stock concentration and volume needed, and M₂ and V₂ are your desired final concentration and volume. Calculate V₁ = (M₂ × V₂) / M₁.

Molarity (M) is moles per liter of solution, molality (m) is moles per kg of solvent, and normality (N) is equivalent weights per liter. Molarity is most commonly used in laboratory preparations and changes with temperature.

Yes, but remember that molarity changes with temperature since solution volume changes. For precise work, prepare and use solutions at the same temperature, or consider using molality which doesn't change with temperature.

Always wear appropriate PPE, work in a well-ventilated area or fume hood when needed, add acid to water (never water to acid), and check material safety data sheets (MSDS) for specific handling requirements of your compounds.