Concentration Calculator

Concentration describes the amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent or solution. It can be expressed in various units like molarity (moles/liter), mass percentage, or parts per million.

Molarity (M) is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's calculated as: Molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution. To find moles, divide the mass by molecular weight.

Mass percentage is calculated as: (mass of solute / total mass of solution) × 100%. For example, 10g of salt in 100g of water gives (10/110) × 100% = 9.09% concentration.

Use the dilution formula C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 and V1 are the stock concentration and volume needed, and C2 and V2 are the desired concentration and final volume.

To convert molarity to mass percentage, you need the molecular weight and solution density. Use: Mass% = (Molarity × MW × 100) / (density × 1000), where MW is molecular weight and density is in g/mL.

To calculate molarity, you need the mass of solute (in grams), molecular weight of the compound (g/mol), and the volume of solution (in liters).

Molecular weight allows you to convert between mass and moles of a substance. Since molarity is expressed in moles per liter, you need molecular weight to determine how many moles are in a given mass of compound.

Molarity is moles of solute per liter of solution, while molality is moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature because volume changes, but molality remains constant.