Comprehensive reference database of common inorganic acids with chemical properties, molecular formulas, CAS numbers, and detailed specifications for laboratory and research use.
Total Acids Found
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Strong Acids
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Weak Acids
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Common Laboratory Acids
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Inorganic acids, also called mineral acids, are highly corrosive, water-soluble acids derived from inorganic compounds. Unlike organic acids, they don't contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and are typically stronger and more corrosive.
The most common laboratory inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), and hydrofluoric acid (HF). These are frequently used for synthesis, analysis, and cleaning procedures.
Strong inorganic acids completely dissociate in water and include HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, HClO4, HBr, and HI. Weak acids only partially dissociate, such as H3PO4, H2CO3, and H3BO3. Strong acids have very low pKa values (typically < 0).
Always wear appropriate PPE including safety goggles, acid-resistant gloves, and lab coat. Work in a well-ventilated area or fume hood. Keep neutralizing agents nearby and never add water directly to concentrated acid - always add acid to water slowly.
CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) numbers provide unique identifiers for each chemical compound, ensuring accurate identification across different naming systems. They're essential for regulatory compliance, safety data sheets, and procurement.
Molecular weight affects solution preparation, stoichiometric calculations, and handling procedures. Lower molecular weight acids like HCl (36.5 g/mol) are often gases dissolved in water, while higher molecular weight acids like H3PO4 (98 g/mol) are typically liquids or solids.
Yes, inorganic acids are widely used in organic synthesis as catalysts, proton sources, and reaction media. They facilitate reactions like esterification, hydrolysis, nitration, and sulfonation. Their strength and selectivity make them valuable synthetic tools.
Store inorganic acids in appropriate secondary containment, away from bases and reactive metals. Use acid-resistant containers, maintain proper ventilation, and follow temperature requirements. Keep incompatible acids separated and maintain detailed inventory records.