What are total dissolved solids (TDS) in water?
Total dissolved solids (TDS) refers to the sum of all ionic particles smaller than 2 μm dissolved in water, including organic and inorganic substances like salts, minerals, and metals. TDS is a key indicator of water quality and purity. See also our calculate Raoult's Law Total Vapor Pressure.
How do I calculate TDS from conductivity?
TDS is calculated using the formula: TDS (mg/L) = K × EC (dS/m), where K is the conversion factor and EC is electrical conductivity. The K factor typically ranges from 640-800 depending on water type.
What conversion factor should I use for TDS calculation?
Use K=640 for most cases, K=735 for mixed waters, and K=800 for high conductivity water (EC > 5 dS/m). If you know the specific conversion factor for your water source, use the custom option.
How do I convert TDS from mg/L to ppm?
TDS in mg/L is numerically equal to TDS in ppm (parts per million) for water. The conversion is 1:1, so 500 mg/L equals 500 ppm. You might also find our use the Mass Percent Calculator useful.
What are acceptable TDS levels in drinking water?
Excellent: <300 ppm, Good: 300-600 ppm, Fair: 600-900 ppm, Poor: 900-1200 ppm, and Unacceptable: >1200 ppm. WHO guidelines recommend TDS below 1000 ppm for drinking water.
Why is TDS important for water quality assessment?
TDS indicates the concentration of dissolved substances in water, affecting taste, odor, and safety. High TDS can indicate contamination, while very low TDS may suggest over-purification or lack of essential minerals.