What is the difference between Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions?
Scope 1 covers direct emissions from sources your organization owns or controls — like combustion in boilers or company vehicles. Scope 2 covers indirect emissions from purchased electricity or heat. Scope 3 is everything else in your value chain — employee commuting, business travel, supply chain, and waste. CDP reporting typically requires all three scopes for a complete picture.
What is a carbon footprint expressed in tCO₂e?
tCO₂e stands for metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent. It's a standard unit that converts all greenhouse gases (methane, nitrous oxide, etc.) into their carbon dioxide warming-equivalent. This allows different gases to be compared and totaled on a single scale for reporting purposes.
Which organizations are required to disclose through CDP?
CDP disclosure is voluntary for most organizations, though it is increasingly requested by institutional investors, major customers, and supply chain partners. Some jurisdictions are introducing mandatory climate disclosure rules — including the EU's CSRD and the SEC's proposed climate rules in the US — that align closely with CDP frameworks. You might also find our Carbon Tax Impact Calculator useful.
How is the electricity emission factor calculated?
The US national average grid emission factor of approximately 0.386 kg CO₂e per kWh is used here as a default. This can vary significantly by region and energy mix. Green or renewable power purchases reduce your Scope 2 emissions by displacing carbon-intensive grid electricity.
What CDP score or rating will my organization receive?
CDP scores organizations from D (disclosure) up through C, B, A-, to A (leadership). The score depends not only on emissions levels but on the quality of your data, governance structures, target-setting, and reduction actions. This calculator estimates your raw emissions to help you prepare a submission, but final CDP scores are assessed by CDP analysts.
How can my organization reduce its CDP-reported emissions?
Key reduction strategies include switching to renewable electricity, improving building energy efficiency, electrifying vehicle fleets, reducing business air travel, engaging suppliers on Scope 3 emissions, and setting science-based targets (SBTs) aligned with the Paris Agreement. Incremental improvements across all three scopes compound meaningfully over time.
How accurate is this carbon disclosure calculator?
This tool uses standard IPCC and EPA emission factors to produce a reasonable estimate for planning and awareness purposes. For official CDP submissions, organizations should use audited consumption data, location-specific emission factors, and may wish to engage a third-party verifier for assurance.