Navy Body Fat Calculator

The U.S. Navy method estimates body fat percentage using circumference measurements at the neck, waist, and hips (women only), along with height. For men, the formula is: 86.010 × log10(waist − neck) − 70.041 × log10(height) + 36.76. For women: 163.205 × log10(waist + hip − neck) − 97.684 × log10(height) − 78.387. These formulas were developed to provide a quick field assessment without expensive equipment. See also our calculate FFMI (Fat-Free Mass Index) FFMI Score.

For the neck, measure just below the larynx (Adam's apple), keeping the tape perpendicular to the long axis of the neck. For the waist, men should measure at the navel level, while women measure at the narrowest point. For hips (women only), measure at the widest point of the buttocks. Always measure to the nearest 0.5 cm or 1/4 inch for best accuracy.

According to the American Council on Exercise (ACE): for men, Essential Fat is 2–5%, Athletes 6–13%, Fitness 14–17%, Average 18–24%, and Obese 25%+. For women: Essential Fat 10–13%, Athletes 14–20%, Fitness 21–24%, Average 25–31%, and Obese 32%+. These ranges help contextualize where your result falls on the health spectrum.

The U.S. Navy method is reasonably accurate for most people, typically within 3–4% of more precise methods like DEXA scans or hydrostatic weighing. It tends to slightly underestimate body fat in very lean individuals and overestimate it in very muscular people. For a field-based measurement requiring no special equipment, it's considered reliable and widely used by the military. You might also find our find Relative Fat Mass (RFM) with RFM Calculator (Relative Fat Mass) useful.

Women typically store more body fat in the hip and gluteal region due to hormonal differences. The Navy formula accounts for this by including hip circumference in the female calculation. Men tend to store fat more centrally (abdomen), so the waist measurement alone — combined with neck and height — is sufficient for the male formula.

The Jackson & Pollock ideal body fat is an age-adjusted target range that accounts for the natural increase in body fat percentage as we age. It's calculated as: (Age × 0.1) + a base percentage that differs by sex. This gives a more personalized target than a single universal ideal, recognizing that healthy body fat levels shift over a lifetime.

Fat mass is the total weight of body fat (in kg or lbs). Lean body mass is everything else — muscle, bone, organs, blood, and water. Lean body mass is calculated by subtracting fat mass from total body weight. A higher lean mass relative to total weight generally indicates better physical fitness and metabolic health.

The Navy formula uses circumference measurements which can produce less accurate results for highly muscular athletes, as large muscle mass can inflate waist and neck measurements without reflecting high body fat. For athletes, a DEXA scan, skinfold calipers, or Bod Pod may provide a more precise body composition reading. This calculator is best used as a general screening tool rather than a clinical measurement.