Free Online Math Calculators

2D Geometry Calculators cover the area, perimeter, and angle formulas for flat shapes. Calculate the area and perimeter of a circle, rectangle, square, or triangle, or use the Pythagorean theorem calculator and trapezoid calculator for other common shapes. Triangle-specific tools include the right triangle, isosceles triangle, equilateral triangle, and scalene triangle calculators, plus 30-60-90 and 45-45-90 triangle calculators for special right triangles, and triangle centroid, circumcenter, incenter, and orthocenter calculators for triangle centers.

This section also covers polygons and curved shapes: hexagon, octagon, pentagon, and general polygon and irregular polygon area calculators, plus circle-related tools like arc length, sector area, segment area, and annulus calculators, and a golden section calculator, kite area calculator, and rhombus calculator for other quadrilaterals.

3D Geometry Calculators cover volume and surface area for solid shapes. Calculate the volume and surface area of a sphere, cube, cylinder, or cone, or use the pyramid calculator and rectangular prism (cuboid) calculator for other common solids. The truncated cone (frustum) calculator and torus calculator handle more complex shapes, while the tetrahedron calculator and hexagonal prism calculator cover specific polyhedra.

This section also includes capsule, ellipsoid, hemisphere, parallelepiped, and triangular prism calculators, plus general volume and surface area calculators for solving multiple shape types at once.

Algebra Calculators cover equations, polynomials, and functions from basic to advanced. Solve a quadratic equation with the quadratic formula calculator, or factor polynomials with the factoring calculator and factoring trinomials calculator. Graphing tools include the slope calculator, slope intercept form calculator, point slope form calculator, and parabola calculator, while completing the square, discriminant, and vertex form calculators support quadratic analysis.

This section also covers polynomial operations — FOIL, multiplying polynomials, synthetic division, partial fraction decomposition, and Descartes' rule of signs — plus systems of equations, Cramer's rule, absolute value equations and inequalities, radical equations, direct and inverse variation, and function composition for higher-level algebra work.

Arithmetic & Number Theory Calculators cover basic operations and the deeper properties of numbers. Calculate GCF (greatest common factor) and LCM, or find prime factorization and check if a number is prime with the prime number calculator. Modular arithmetic tools include the modulo calculator, modular multiplicative inverse calculator, and Chinese remainder theorem calculator, while factorial, Fibonacci, and digit sum calculators cover classic number theory sequences.

This section also includes long addition, long division, and long multiplication calculators for showing full work, plus square root, cube root, exponent, and radical calculators, and specialized tools like Euler's totient function, Fermat's little theorem, and the extended Euclidean algorithm for number theory coursework.

Basic & Scientific Calculators cover everyday arithmetic and more advanced expression solving. Use the basic calculator or scientific calculator for quick calculations, or the graphing calculator to visualize functions. The math solver (step-by-step) and equation solver show full working for algebra problems, while the expression evaluator, big number calculator, and programmable calculator handle more specialized computation needs.

Calculus Calculators cover derivatives, integrals, and series for single and multivariable calculus. Calculate a derivative or definite integral, or use the chain rule, product rule, and quotient rule calculators for differentiation. The area under curve, area between curves, and volume of revolution calculators apply integration to geometry, while limit, critical points, and inflection point calculators analyze function behavior.

This section also covers advanced topics: Taylor series, Maclaurin series, and Fourier series calculators, double and triple integral calculators, Laplace transform and inverse Laplace transform calculators, differential equation solvers, and Riemann sum and Simpson's rule calculators for numerical integration.

Coordinate Geometry Calculators cover points, lines, and transformations on a coordinate plane. Calculate the distance between two points in 2D or 3D, or find the midpoint and slope (rise over run) between them. The reflection, rotation, translation, and dilation calculators handle geometric transformations, while intersection of two lines and distance from point to line calculators solve for specific relationships between shapes.

This section also includes a shoelace formula calculator for polygon area from coordinates, gradient calculator, triangulation calculator, and distance from point to plane and line of intersection of two planes calculators for 3D coordinate geometry.

Everyday Math Calculators cover the practical math that comes up outside the classroom. Calculate age, days between dates, or time between two points with the date calculator and hours calculator, or work out square footage and cubic yards for a home project. Grade-related tools include the GPA calculator, final grade calculator, and test grade calculator, while gas mileage (MPG), fuel cost, and electricity cost calculators handle everyday expenses.

This section also includes construction-adjacent tools like the concrete calculator, gravel calculator, paint calculator, and wallpaper calculator, plus a Roman numeral converter, number to words converter, scale calculator, and speed distance time calculator for other common real-world math problems.

Fraction Calculators cover every operation and conversion involving fractions. Add, subtract, multiply, or divide fractions with dedicated calculators for each operation, or simplify fractions and find the lowest terms. Convert between formats with the decimal to fraction, fraction to decimal, mixed number to improper fraction, and improper fraction to mixed number calculators.

This section also includes a ratio calculator, proportion calculator, unit rate calculator, LCD calculator (least common denominator), cross multiplication calculator, and a golden ratio calculator for the famous mathematical proportion.

Interpolation & Approximation Calculators estimate values between known data points. Use linear interpolation or Lagrange interpolation to estimate a value from a data set, or fit a curve to data with the curve fitting calculator and least squares calculator. The spline interpolation and polynomial interpolation calculators handle smoother, higher-order fits, while the bilinear interpolation calculator extends interpolation to two dimensions.

This section also includes a Newton's interpolation calculator and catenary curve calculator for modeling the shape of a hanging cable or chain.

Linear Algebra Calculators cover matrix operations and vector space calculations. Calculate a matrix determinant, matrix inverse, or matrix multiplication, or find eigenvalues and eigenvectors for a given matrix. The Gauss-Jordan elimination and row echelon form calculators solve systems of linear equations, while LU decomposition, QR decomposition, and SVD calculator (singular value decomposition) factor matrices for advanced applications.

This section also includes matrix rank, matrix trace, matrix transpose, and null space calculators, plus Cholesky decomposition, Gram-Schmidt, characteristic polynomial, and condition number calculators for linear algebra coursework and numerical methods.

Logarithms & Exponentials Calculators cover logarithmic and exponential functions and their real-world applications. Calculate a logarithm with any base, or use the natural logarithm (ln), log base 10, and log base 2 calculators for common bases. The change of base calculator converts between logarithm bases, while exponential growth and exponential decay calculators model real-world growth patterns like population or radioactive decay.

This section also includes an antilog calculator, logarithmic equation solver, compound growth calculator, exponential function calculator, and half-life calculator.

Notation & Rounding Calculators handle how numbers are written, rounded, and represented. Convert a number to scientific notation or expanded form, or round to the nearest tenth, hundredth, thousand, or whole number. The significant figures calculator and place value calculator address precision and digit position, while the order of magnitude calculator estimates the scale of very large or small numbers.

This section also includes a standard form calculator and Polish notation converter for other numerical notation systems.

Number Systems Calculators convert numbers between binary, decimal, hexadecimal, and octal. Convert binary to decimal, decimal to hex, or hex to binary with dedicated converters for each pair, or use the number base converter and base calculator for any base combination. The binary calculator, hex calculator, and octal calculator perform arithmetic directly in each number system.

This section also includes ASCII to binary, binary to ASCII, text to binary, and binary to text converters for translating between character encoding and binary representation.

Percentage Calculators cover every common percentage calculation. Calculate percentage change, percentage increase, or percentage decrease, or find percent error and percentage difference between two values. The discount calculator and markup calculator apply percentages to pricing, while the tip calculator handles a common everyday percentage calculation.

This section also includes decimal to percent, percent to decimal, fraction to percent, and percent to fraction converters, plus a percent to goal calculator, percentage point calculator, relative change calculator, and doubling time calculator for growth-related percentage questions.

Probability Calculators cover the odds and combinatorics behind chance events. Calculate combinations and permutations, or use Bayes' theorem calculator and conditional probability calculator for dependent events. Classic probability problems are covered by the dice probability, coin flip probability, card probability, and birthday paradox calculators, while binomial, Poisson, geometric, and exponential distribution calculators model probability distributions.

This section also includes set theory tools like the Venn diagram generator, union and intersection calculator, subset calculator, and power set calculator, plus expected value, odds calculator, lottery odds calculator, and a truth table generator for logic and probability coursework.

Random & Generators tools help you draw an unbiased sample from a larger data set. The random sampling calculator selects a random subset of items or numbers according to your chosen sample size and method.

Sequences & Series Calculators cover patterns and sums in number sequences. Calculate an arithmetic sequence or geometric sequence, or find the sum with the arithmetic series calculator and geometric series calculator. The Fibonacci sequence calculator and recursive sequence calculator handle sequences defined by a recurrence relation, while the infinite series calculator and telescoping series calculator determine whether a series converges.

This section also includes a partial sum calculator, sigma notation calculator, power series calculator, and number sequence calculator for identifying patterns in a general sequence.

Special Functions Calculators cover advanced mathematical functions used in higher-level math, physics, and engineering. Calculate the gamma function or beta function, or use the Bessel function calculator and error function calculator (erf) for functions common in differential equations and statistics. Complex number tools include converting to polar form, rectangular form, and finding complex roots, plus a quaternion calculator for 4D rotations.

This section also includes a continued fraction calculator, exponential integral calculator, Euler's number calculator, Pi calculator, magic square calculator, and a Dijkstra shortest path calculator for graph theory problems.

Statistics Calculators cover descriptive and inferential statistics for coursework and data analysis. Calculate mean, median, mode, and range with the mean median mode range calculator, or find standard deviation and variance for a data set. Hypothesis testing tools include the t-test, chi-square, ANOVA, and F-test calculators, while confidence interval, margin of error, and p-value calculators support inferential statistics.

This section also includes regression and correlation tools like the least squares regression, correlation coefficient, R-squared, and Spearman rank correlation calculators, plus five number summary, interquartile range (IQR), box plot, histogram, and scatter plot calculators for visualizing and summarizing data, and skewness, kurtosis, and Cohen's d calculators for distribution shape and effect size.

Trigonometry Calculators cover the sine, cosine, tangent, and their related functions. Calculate sine, cosine, and tangent directly, or use the arcsin, arccos, and arctan calculators for their inverse functions. The law of sines and law of cosines calculators solve non-right triangles, while the unit circle calculator and degrees to radians/radians to degrees converters cover angle fundamentals.

This section also includes hyperbolic functions, double angle formula, half angle, and sum and difference identities calculators, plus a trig identities calculator and trigonometry calculator (right triangle) for solving right triangle problems directly.

Vectors & Coordinates Calculators cover vector operations and coordinate system conversions. Calculate the dot product or cross product of two vectors, or find vector magnitude and vector direction from its components. The vector addition calculator and vector projection calculator handle combining and projecting vectors, while unit vector and cosine similarity calculators normalize and compare vector direction.

This section also includes polar coordinates, cylindrical coordinates, and spherical coordinates calculators for converting between coordinate systems, plus a Manhattan distance calculator and coordinate grid calculator for grid-based distance and plotting.