Traction Control Calculator (4WD)

Open differentials allow wheels to spin at different speeds but send equal torque to both wheels, limited by the wheel with least grip. Locked differentials force both wheels to rotate together, maximizing traction but reducing maneuverability on firm surfaces.

Wheel grip represents the coefficient of friction between tire and terrain. Lower grip (ice, mud) reduces available traction force, while higher grip (dry pavement, rock) allows maximum force transfer from the drivetrain to the ground.

Use locked differentials in low-traction conditions like mud, sand, snow, or rock crawling where maximum traction is needed. Avoid locking on dry pavement as it causes tire wear and reduces steering ability.

Traction efficiency measures how much of your vehicle's potential traction is actually being utilized. Higher efficiency means better use of available grip, leading to improved mobility and reduced wheel spin.

Steeper terrain angles reduce the normal force pressing tires against the ground, decreasing available traction. This effect is most pronounced on slopes over 20 degrees where gravity significantly impacts wheel loading.

LSDs provide a compromise between open and locked differentials, automatically transferring more torque to the wheel with better grip while still allowing speed differences for turning. This improves traction without the drawbacks of fully locked differentials.

The mobility rating provides a qualitative assessment: Excellent (90%+), Good (70-89%), Fair (50-69%), Poor (30-49%), or Critical (<30%) based on total traction efficiency and terrain conditions.

Individual wheel analysis helps identify which wheels are limiting overall traction performance. This information is crucial for understanding when to engage differential locks or modify driving technique for specific terrain conditions.