Enter the Signal Power, Noise Power, Bandwidth, and Modulation Type into the Shannon Capacity Calculator to find the Channel Capacity, SNR, Spectral Efficiency, and Max Achievable Data Rate.
Capacitor Value (C1)
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Resistor R2 Value
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Capacitor C2 Value
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Gain (dB)
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Phase Shift at fc
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An active filter uses active components like op-amps along with resistors and capacitors to provide signal filtering with gain. Unlike passive filters, active filters can amplify signals and don't suffer from loading effects.
The Sallen-Key topology is a popular active filter design using an op-amp in a non-inverting configuration. It provides good performance with minimal components and is widely used for second-order filters.
Quality Factor (Q) determines the sharpness of the filter's response. A Q of 0.707 gives a Butterworth (maximally flat) response, while higher Q values create a sharper cutoff but may introduce peaking.
Start with a practical resistor value (1kΩ to 100kΩ) and calculate the required capacitor value. Use standard component values closest to calculated values for best results.
The cutoff frequency (fc) is where the filter's output drops by -3dB (about 70.7% of the input). It defines the transition point between the passband and stopband of the filter.
Yes, the calculator supports multiple filter types including low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, and notch filters with various topologies and component calculations.
Choose an op-amp with bandwidth at least 10x your cutoff frequency, low noise, and sufficient slew rate. Popular choices include TL072, LM358, or OPA2134 depending on performance requirements.