Enter your target Attenuation (in dB) and Characteristic Impedance to calculate the resistor values for your Reflection Attenuator — the results show you R1 (High Impedance), R1 (Low Impedance), and the corresponding Voltage Ratio.
R1 (High Impedance)
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R1 (Low Impedance)
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Voltage Ratio
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The resistance R1 is calculated using two formulas depending on whether R1 is greater or less than the characteristic impedance Z0. For R1 > Z0: R1 = Z0 × (10^(A/20) + 1)/(10^(A/20) - 1). For R1 < Z0: R1 = Z0 × (10^(A/20) - 1)/(10^(A/20) + 1).
A reflection attenuator is a type of RF attenuator that uses a single resistor to provide attenuation by creating a controlled impedance mismatch. It's simpler than other attenuator types but provides less precise matching.
Use the high impedance formula when the calculated R1 value would be greater than the characteristic impedance (Z0) of your transmission line. Use the low impedance formula when R1 would be less than Z0. Both calculations are provided to help you choose the optimal design.
The most common characteristic impedances are 50Ω (used in most RF systems), 75Ω (used in video and cable TV applications), and 100Ω (used in some telecommunications applications). 50Ω is the standard for most RF test equipment and systems.
Reflection attenuators typically provide attenuation from 1dB to 20dB effectively. Higher attenuation values (above 20dB) can be achieved but may result in poor impedance matching and increased reflections.
Reflection attenuators are less accurate than pi or tee attenuators because they inherently create impedance mismatches. They're best used in applications where simplicity is more important than precise matching, such as in test setups or temporary configurations.