Enter your HbA1c (%) to calculate your Estimated Average Glucose (eAG) — the 3-month average blood sugar level in both mg/dL and mmol/L. Based on the ADA-validated formula eAG = (28.7 × HbA1c) − 46.7, this tool helps you understand what your A1C result means in the same everyday units shown on your glucose meter.
Estimated Average Glucose (eAG)
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eAG in mg/dL
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eAG in mmol/L
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Glucose Control Status
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HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin or Hemoglobin A1c) is a measure of how much glucose has bonded to hemoglobin in your red blood cells over the past 2–3 months. Because red blood cells live for about 3 months, HbA1c gives a reliable snapshot of your average blood sugar control over that period. It is reported as a percentage.
Estimated average glucose (eAG) translates your HbA1c percentage into the same mg/dL or mmol/L units you see on a standard glucose meter. This makes it easier to understand your long-term blood sugar control in familiar everyday terms. The ADA introduced eAG to help patients and clinicians communicate more effectively about diabetes management.
The formula, validated by the ADAG (A1C-Derived Average Glucose) study, is: eAG (mg/dL) = (28.7 × HbA1c%) − 46.7. To convert to mmol/L, divide the mg/dL result by 18.018. For example, an HbA1c of 7% gives an eAG of (28.7 × 7) − 46.7 = 154 mg/dL, or approximately 8.6 mmol/L.
For most adults with diabetes, the ADA recommends an A1C target below 7% (eAG ~154 mg/dL). For adults without diabetes, a normal A1C is generally below 5.7%. An A1C between 5.7% and 6.4% may indicate prediabetes. Always discuss your personal target with your healthcare provider, as goals can vary based on individual circumstances.
An A1C above 9% (eAG ~212 mg/dL) is considered dangerously high and is associated with a significantly increased risk of diabetes complications, including nerve damage, kidney disease, and cardiovascular problems. Very low A1C (below 5%) may also be concerning. Consult your doctor immediately if your A1C is outside a safe range.
People with well-controlled diabetes typically get an A1C test twice per year. Those whose treatment has changed or who are not meeting glucose targets may need testing every three months. Your healthcare provider will recommend the appropriate frequency based on your individual management plan.
Lowering your A1C reduces the risk of long-term diabetes complications such as retinopathy (eye damage), nephropathy (kidney damage), neuropathy (nerve damage), and cardiovascular disease. Even a 1% reduction in A1C can meaningfully decrease the risk of these complications. Lifestyle changes, medication, and regular monitoring all contribute to better A1C control.
No — eAG is a calculated estimate of your average blood glucose over the past 2–3 months, derived from your HbA1c. Your daily fingerstick or CGM readings reflect blood sugar at a specific moment in time and will vary throughout the day. eAG provides a broader picture of overall control rather than a snapshot of a single moment.