Enter your Pulse Width (On Time) and Period (Total Cycle Time) — or swap in Frequency as an alternative input — and the Duty Cycle Calculator works out your Duty Cycle percentage, along with the Off Time and Frequency of your signal.
Duty Cycle
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Off Time
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Frequency
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The duty cycle is the percentage of time a periodic signal is 'on' during each complete cycle. It's calculated as (pulse width ÷ period) × 100%. A 50% duty cycle means the signal is on for half the time and off for half the time.
To calculate duty cycle, divide the pulse width (on time) by the total period and multiply by 100. For example, if pulse width is 15ms and period is 40ms, the duty cycle is (15÷40) × 100 = 37.5%.
Duty cycle is crucial in electronics for PWM control, motor speed control, power regulation, and LED brightness control. It's also important in automotive for fuel injector timing and engine diagnostics.
A 30% duty cycle means the signal is 'on' for 30% of each cycle and 'off' for 70%. For a 100ms period, this would be 30ms on and 70ms off.
For a radar on for 10ms every second (1000ms period), the duty cycle is (10÷1000) × 100 = 1%. This low duty cycle helps reduce power consumption while maintaining functionality.
Yes, you can use frequency. First convert frequency to period using Period = 1 ÷ Frequency, then calculate duty cycle normally. This calculator automatically handles both inputs.
For PWM signals, average power is proportional to duty cycle. A 25% duty cycle delivers approximately 25% of maximum power, making it useful for controlling motor speeds and LED brightness.